To prevent such coalitions in the future, the Democrats wanted to exclude freedmen and other blacks from voting in some states they also restricted poor whites to avoid biracial coalitions. Nonetheless, a coalition of Populists and Republicans in fusion tickets in the 1880s and 1890s gained some seats and won some governor positions. Paramilitary groups such as the White League, Red Shirts, and rifle clubs had intimidated blacks or barred them from the polls in numerous elections before what they called the Redemption (restoration of white supremacy). Racial restrictions on voting in place before 1870 were nullified by the Fifteenth Amendment.Īfter Democrats took control of state legislatures again before and after the Compromise of 1877, they began to work to restrict the ability of blacks to vote. They restricted voter registration, effectively preventing African Americans from voting. The original grandfather clauses were contained in new state constitutions and Jim Crow laws passed between 18 by white-dominated state legislatures including Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Virginia.
Although these original grandfather clauses were eventually ruled unconstitutional, the terms grandfather clause and grandfather have been adapted to other uses.
The intent and effect of such rules was to prevent African-American former slaves and their descendants from voting, but without denying poor and illiterate whites the right to vote. States in some cases exempted those whose ancestors ( grandfathers) had the right to vote before the American Civil War, or as of a particular date, from such requirements.
Southern states, which created new requirements for literacy tests, payment of poll taxes, and/or residency and property restrictions to register to vote. The term originated in late nineteenth-century legislation and constitutional amendments passed by a number of U.S.
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